Service-oriented multi-skilled technician routing and scheduling problem for medical equipment maintenance with sudden breakdown

Motivated by the service-oriented intelligent maintenance activity under the development of the digital economy, we study the operation and maintenance strategies of the Maintenance Scheduling and Technician Routing Problem (MSTRP) for medical equipment implemented by multi-skilled technicians. We consider the maintenance services provided for both preventive maintenance (PM, e.g., periodic maintenance based on the contract schedule) and corrective maintenance (CM, e.g., repair action in the event of a sudden breakdown). As these activities are performed on equipment with various types of requirements at different geographically distributed systems, technicians with diverse qualifications need to build teams and visit the matching maintenance requests. Meanwhile, we consider the maintenance actions concerning the dynamic change in equipment failure rate and establish a flexible maintenance mechanism by balancing the total cost. This paper develops an efficient hybrid heuristic based on a genetic algorithm, variable neighborhood search, and other optimization strategies to solve this multi-period equipment maintenance scheduling and multi-skilled technician routing and scheduling problem. Based on the settings of the studied MSTRP, this paper designs different sizes of testing instances and multi-period explanatory cases before conducting extensive comparative experiments and sensitivity analysis to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed dynamic maintenance strategy and optimization method.