Modeling and Vulnerability Analysis of Cyber-Physical Power Systems Based on Community Theory

Nowadays, power grids are equipped with sensors to monitor and collect the information of power nodes. These sensors are connected by optical fibers and form a cyber network. A power grid coupled with a cyber network is called a cyber-physical power system (CPPS). To study the cascading failure, we analyze the vulnerability of CPPS under community attack styles. CPPS model consists of a power layer, a cyber layer, and the association of them where topology consistency and scale-free cyber networks are considered, respectively. The concepts of the control center and dispatch community are presented. Controllable and uncontrollable power nodes and observable and unobservable power lines are defined. The minimum load reduction model is given and described as a linear programming problem. Several indexes are introduced to assess the vulnerability of CPPS. New England 39 nodes system is taken as an example to analyze the effects of different attacks and different cyber networks on the cascading failure process. The simulation results provide some opinions for the attacker and electricians.