Energy-Efficient UAV Control for Effective and Fair Communication Coverage: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

计算机科学 强化学习 杠杆(统计) 网络数据包 能源消耗 基站 高效能源利用 能量(信号处理) 人工智能 实时计算 计算机网络 工程类 数学 统计 电气工程
作者
Chi Harold Liu,Zhe-Yu Chen,Jian Tang,Jie Xu,Chengzhe Piao
出处
期刊:IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications [Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]
卷期号:36 (9): 2059-2070 被引量:409
标识
DOI:10.1109/jsac.2018.2864373
摘要

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used to serve as aerial base stations to enhance both the coverage and performance of communication networks in various scenarios, such as emergency communications and network access for remote areas. Mobile UAVs can establish communication links for ground users to deliver packets. However, UAVs have limited communication ranges and energy resources. Particularly, for a large region, they cannot cover the entire area all the time or keep flying for a long time. It is thus challenging to control a group of UAVs to achieve certain communication coverage in a long run, while preserving their connectivity and minimizing their energy consumption. Toward this end, we propose to leverage emerging deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for UAV control and present a novel and highly energy-efficient DRL-based method, which we call DRL-based energy-efficient control for coverage and connectivity (DRL-EC 3 ). The proposed method 1) maximizes a novel energy efficiency function with joint consideration for communications coverage, fairness, energy consumption and connectivity; 2) learns the environment and its dynamics; and 3) makes decisions under the guidance of two powerful deep neural networks. We conduct extensive simulations for performance evaluation. Simulation results have shown that DRL-EC 3 significantly and consistently outperform two commonly used baseline methods in terms of coverage, fairness, and energy consumption.
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