Transformation behaviors of pulse patterns in a fiber laser

We first reported the transformation from stationary single dissipative soliton (SDS) to rogue waves (RWs) or self-similar pulses (SSPs) in a fiber laser by using the evolutionary trajectories of energy and peak power in space to distinguish quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs), long-period pulsations (LPPs) or quasi-long-period pulsations. It indicated that both the gain saturation energy and the spectral filter bandwidth (SFBW) play a key role in pulse conversion. More precisely, when fixed SFBW at a smaller value, only increased gain saturation energy, SDS undergo QPPs, soliton explosion, and eventually transform into RWs. On the other hand, if only increased the SFBW, SDS will transform into SSPs after experiencing QPPs, LPPs, soliton explosion and quasi-long-period pulsations successively. The results will deepen our understanding of pulse dynamic pattern formation and transformation processes.