Optimal Preparation and Inherent Mechanism of Advanced Integrated Structural/Electromagnetic Wave‐Absorbing Polymer‐Based Composites for Aeronautical Applications: A Review

ABSTRACT Integrated structural/electromagnetic wave‐absorbing polymer‐based composites, which exhibit excellent electromagnetic wave‐absorbing performance and outstanding mechanical properties, have attracted significant attention in the field of aircraft stealth technology. The traditional approach for preparing such composites primarily involves physically blending wave‐absorbing fillers into structural composites. However, with the rapid advancement of radar detection technology, existing integrated structural/electromagnetic wave‐absorbing composites face substantial challenges, particularly in achieving strong absorption across a wide frequency range. Recently, integrating high‐performance wave‐absorbing fillers into composites or leveraging the design flexibility of composite structures to optimize electromagnetic wave impedance matching has enabled the development of resin‐based composites with superior mechanical properties and enhanced wave‐absorbing performance. Nevertheless, the aforementioned research remains at the laboratory stage, with further potential for improving performance stability and refining design optimization methodologies. Therefore, this manuscript first elucidates the mechanisms and influencing factors of energy loss in integrated structural/wave‐absorbing polymer‐based composites. Furthermore, it discusses the development trends and applications of these composites in aircraft and aero‐engines. Finally, the potential technological roadmap for future advancements and the anticipated outcomes are systematically explored, providing guidance for the practical application of advanced integrated structural/electromagnetic wave‐absorbing polymer‐based composites in aircraft and their power systems.