Laser Assisted Machining : Current Status and Future Scope

Laser -assisted machining (LAM) is a hybrid cutting process in which a laser beam is used to heat and soften the workpiece locally in front of the cutting tool. The temperature rise at the shear zone reduces the yield strength and work hardening of the workpiece, which makes the plastic deformation of difficult-to-machine materials (engineering ceramics , hard metals , and metal matrix composites) easier during machining. Its process benefits include a reduction in the cutting forces/specific cutting energy, longer tool life, better surface integrity , and high productivity. This chapter summarizes the up-to-date progress of LAM of ceramics , metals , and metal matrix composites. It covers the analysis of temperature distribution around the cutting region, material removal mechanisms, tool wear mechanisms, and the improvement in machined surface integrity of various engineering materials by the assistance of laser beam.