水通道蛋白
水通道蛋白1
水通道蛋白4
中枢神经系统
细胞生物学
星形胶质细胞
生物
细胞外
神经系统
淋巴系统
细胞外液
血脑屏障
神经科学
化学
病理
脑脊液
水道
医学
生物化学
机械工程
工程类
入口
作者
Aristotelis S. Filippidis,Richard B. Carozza,Harold L. Rekate
摘要
The aquaporin (AQP) family of water channels are a group of small, membrane-spanning proteins that are vital for the rapid transport of water across the plasma membrane. These proteins are widely expressed, from tissues such as the renal epithelium and erythrocytes to the various cells of the central nervous system. This review will elucidate the basic structure and distribution of aquaporins and discuss the role of aquaporins in various neuropathologies. AQP1 and AQP4, the two primary aquaporin molecules of the central nervous system, regulate brain water and CSF movement and contribute to cytotoxic and vasogenic edema, where they control the size of the intracellular and extracellular fluid volumes, respectively. AQP4 expression is vital to the cellular migration and angiogenesis at the heart of tumor growth; AQP4 is central to dysfunctions in glutamate metabolism, synaptogenesis, and memory consolidation; and AQP1 and AQP4 adaptations have been seen in obstructive and non-obstructive hydrocephalus and may be therapeutic targets.
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