医学
身材矮小
表观遗传学
肥胖
性早熟
疾病
瘦素
胰岛素抵抗
青春期延迟
内分泌系统
内科学
内分泌学
生物
遗传学
激素
基因
作者
Alyssa Huang,Christian Roth
出处
期刊:Current Opinion in Pediatrics
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:2021-06-23
卷期号:33 (4): 449-457
被引量:18
标识
DOI:10.1097/mop.0000000000001035
摘要
The objective of this review is to assess the most recent literature on pubertal trends in boys and girls as well as evaluate genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors implicated in the timing of pubertal progression.Recent studies confirm the previously described link between increased adiposity and earlier onset of puberty in girls, and more recent studies shed light onto the previously unclear situation in boys as a preponderance of recent longitudinal studies suggests that increased adiposity is linked with earlier pubertal timing also in boys. Discoveries of novel pathways highlights the complexity of pubertal development and suggest mechanistic links between nutrition, obesity, leptin, insulin resistance, and puberty. Furthermore, genetic and epigenetic variants can be linked to early puberty. Other factors, such as prenatal and postnatal environment, gut microbiota, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals have also been linked to both obesity and earlier puberty.Understanding how the interactions of these factors contribute the relationship between obesity and early pubertal onset is crucial as early puberty has been linked with long-term consequences, such as short stature, earlier type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and poor psychological and behavioral outcomes.
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