Fabrication and application of bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsions gels

Bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels (bijels) comprise networks of interpenetrating domains of two immiscible liquids stabilized by nanoparticles jammed at the fluid–fluid interface. Bijels were first reported in simulation, which subsequently spurred experimentalists to develop fabrication approaches including thermal quenching, cosolvent removal, and direct mixing to explore bijels in applications that exploit their unique properties and morphology. Here, we comprehensively review recent developments in bijel fabrication and compare various bijel fabrication techniques. We also share our perspective on potential future directions and applications.