空化
过饱和度
木质部
气泡
膜
播种
凝聚力(化学)
纳米孔
表面张力
水运
材料科学
化学物理
纳米技术
生物
机械
化学
植物
水流
土壤科学
环境科学
物理
量子力学
遗传学
有机化学
农学
作者
H. Jochen Schenk,Kathy Steppe,Steven Jansen
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2015.01.008
摘要
Long-distance water transport in plants relies on a system that typically operates under negative pressure and is prone to hydraulic failure due to gas bubble formation. One primary mechanism of bubble formation takes place at nanoporous pit membranes between neighboring conduits. We argue that this process is likely to snap off nanobubbles because the local increase in liquid pressure caused by entry of air-water menisci into the complex pit membrane pores would energetically favor nanobubble formation over instant cavitation. Nanobubbles would be stabilized by surfactants and by gas supersaturation of the sap, may dissolve, fragment into smaller bubbles, or create embolisms. The hypothesis that safe and stable nanobubbles occur in plants adds a new component supporting the cohesion-tension theory.
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