Effect of autologous platelet‐rich plasma on bone regeneration in mandibular fractures

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the effect of autologous platelet‐rich plasma ( PRP ) on bone regeneration in mandibular fractures via a cone beam computed tomography ( CBCT ). Patients and methods Twenty‐four patients having parasymphyseal fractures participated in this study. They were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A was treated by two titanium miniplates and screws plus local application of activated PRP along the fracture line, whereas group B was treated by the same bone plates and screws without application of PRP . The patients were recalled at 1 week, 3 and 6 months after surgery for clinical assessment and measuring the bone density via CBCT at a region of interest ( ROI ) including the fracture line. Results The mean values of the bone density measurements, in both groups, were higher at 3 and 6 months than 1 week after surgery. At 1 week after surgery, the values were 542 ± 93 HU and 515 ± 81 HU in group A and B , respectively. In group A , the mean value of bone density measurements was 728 ± 58 HU (range 620–796 HU ) at 3 months after surgery and it was 1024 ± 188 HU (range 825–1490 HU ) 6 months later. While in group B , the mean values of the bone density measurements at the ROI were 600 ± 78 HU (range 520–790 HU ) and 756 ± 53 HU (range 710–890 HU ) at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively. The increase in the bone density measurements at 3 and 6 months after surgery was statistically significant only in group A ( P = 0.0002 and P = 0.0001, respectively). Conclusions It can be concluded that direct application of the PRP along the fracture lines may enhance the bone regeneration in mandibular fractures.