间充质干细胞
医学
微泡
再生医学
干细胞
骨质疏松症
旁分泌信号
癌症研究
生物信息学
免疫学
病理
生物
小RNA
内科学
细胞生物学
生物化学
受体
基因
作者
Xinwen Wang,Haodong Tian,Xinquan Yang,Hongmou Zhao,Xiaojun Liang,Yang Li
标识
DOI:10.1002/adtp.202300193
摘要
Abstract Ever since the first application of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation treating human hematologic malignancies in 1995, MSC‐based treatments have demonstrated great therapeutic potential in clinical settings. However, only a few MSC‐based cell therapy products have been clinically approved. Accumulating evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of MSCs are mainly attributed to the release of paracrine factors or extracellular vesicles (EVs) rather than their mesodermal differentiation potential. Therefore, MSC‐derived EVs (MSC‐EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, have merged as promising alternatives to traditional cell‐based therapeutics in clinical practice. They offer several advantages such as better safety, lower immunogenicity, protection of cargoes from degradation, and the ability to overcome biological barriers. Moreover, there have been multiple clinical studies exploring the potential of MSC‐EVs for treating various diseases, including orthopedic disorders. However, there is no definitive “cure” for conditions such as osteoporosis and other bone disorders, but MSC‐EVs have displayed significant therapeutic potential for these orthopedic ailments. Therefore, the objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of current knowledge related to MSC‐EVs and emphasize their potential application in treating orthopedic diseases, such as bone defects, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration, osteosarcoma, and osteoradionecrosis.
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