Applying Facies Characterization to Build 3D Rock-Type Model for Khasib Formation, Amara Oil Field

Building a rock-type (facies) model is critical in the process of constructing the geological model.The facies model utilizes the facies obtained from the different characterization methods to represent the structure and the geology of the studied reservoir. Therefore, the importance of building a 3D rock-type model is to distribute the petrophysical properties depending on the rock facies to reflect the actual distribution and achieve a realistic model.Khasib formation in Amara oil field is mainly composed of limestone and exhibits a high degree of heterogeneities in its petrophysical and geological features, showing a complicated porosity-permeability relationship. Hence, the formation should be characterized by facies with specific property relationships and use these facies to build an accurate rock-type model to represent the geological rock modeling for this carbonate formation.The Rock-Type model for Khasib formation has been constructed using the facies obtained from flow zone indicator and cluster analysis characterization methods, these facies were distributed with the PETREL software by applying the sequential indicator simulation (SIS) algorithm.The 3D Rock- type model establishes that a different rock type characterized each unit within Khasib formation; the reservoir units (KH11, KH12, and KH2) were characterized by the presence of RT-1, RT-2,andRT-3, which represent the best, good, and intermediate reservoir quality rocks, respectively. The best rock type RT-1 with the best reservoir petrophysical properties was only noticed in unit KH2. The non-reservoir units (Khasib, Base KH11, Base KH12, and Base KH2) were characterized by RT-4 and RT-5, which reflect the bad rock quality with non-reservoir properties.