Designs and Applications of Organic Redox Couples in Aqueous Flow Batteries

Abstract The increasing global climate change and the rising share of renewable energy sources have jointly driven the growing demand for grid‐level energy storage systems. Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs), due to their excellent energy density and long lifespan, have surfaced as a promising energy storage solution. Since 2007, researchers have been optimizing simple organic electrolytes, such as quinones and viologens, through molecular engineering to enhance their performance. This paper reviews the development of AORFB technology, focusing on the progress of organic electroactive materials. It discusses their electrochemical performance in terms of energy density and cycling stability, as well as limitations related to solubility and scalability. Additionally, the paper outlines potential directions for optimizing organic redox electrolytes in the future, aiming to advance the application and development of AORFBs for large‐level energy storage.