人工细胞
纳米技术
功能(生物学)
材料科学
细胞生物学
化学
生物
膜
生物化学
作者
Wentao Jiang,Ziyu Wu,Gengfeng Zheng,Mimi Wan,Min Zhou,Chun Mao,Jian Shen
出处
期刊:ACS Nano
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2022-10-13
卷期号:16 (10): 15705-15733
被引量:44
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.2c06104
摘要
Artificial cells are constructed to imitate natural cells and allow researchers to explore biological process and the origin of life. The construction methods for artificial cells, through both top-down or bottom-up approaches, have achieved great progress over the past decades. Here we present a comprehensive overview on the development of artificial cells and their properties and applications. Artificial cells are derived from lipids, polymers, lipid/polymer hybrids, natural cell membranes, colloidosome, metal-organic frameworks and coacervates. They can be endowed with various functions through the incorporation of proteins and genes on the cell surface or encapsulated inside of the cells. These modulations determine the properties of artificial cells, including producing energy, cell growth, morphology change, division, transmembrane transport, environmental response, motility and chemotaxis. Multiple applications of these artificial cells are discussed here with a focus on therapeutic applications. Artificial cells are used as carriers for materials and information exchange and have been shown to function as targeted delivery systems of personalized drugs. Additionally, artificial cells can function to substitute for cells with impaired function. Enzyme therapy and immunotherapy using artificial cells have been an intense focus of research. Finally, prospects of future development of cell-mimic properties and broader applications are highlighted.
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