Guided control for plug-in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles via vehicle to traffic communication

A guided proportional integral controller-based Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PI-PMP) energy management control strategy based on dynamic traffic information for plug-in fuel cell vehicles is proposed in this paper. Combined with the real-world traffic flow data of high-way driving scenarios, an improved equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) based on dichotomy is used to quickly search for the optimal initial costate value and reference battery state of charge (SOC) trajectory. A horizon velocity predictor based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) is used to achieve short-term velocity prediction, and a PI-PMP control strategy is adopted to realize SOC trajectory following. Simultaneously, the sensitivity of the costate in ECMS and PI-PMP is analyzed in depth. The simulation results of three scenarios with no/static/dynamic traffic flow information show that the guided PI-PMP energy management strategy based on dynamic traffic flow information has a significant energy-saving effect and real-time optimization potential.