Electrochromic Rutile with Dynamically Tailored Surfaces in Formaldehyde-Mediated Hydroxylamine Electrosynthesis

under an ultralow cell voltage of 0.78 V. This work links the catalytic performance of hydroxylamine electrosynthesis to the dynamic surface of titanium oxides, offering insights into selectivity control in nitrate electroreduction and providing a green, cost-effective alternative to conventional hydroxylamine synthesis.