Introduction to syngas products and applications

Synthesis gas (known as syngas) is a fuel gas that is composed mainly of H2 and CO, with a low quantity of CO2 depending on the raw input material and manufacturing method. Synthesis gas can be made from various sources including natural gas, coal, carbon dioxide, or nearly each hydrocarbon feedstock, by reacting the feedstock with steam, O2, or CO2. For the manufacture of ammonia, methanol, hydrogen, or synthetic hydrocarbon fuels, synthetic gas is a critical intermediate source. It is also utilized as an intermediary in the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) method to make (i) synthetic raw oil, (ii) lubricants, and (iii) hydrocarbon fuels. This chapter will go over each of the producing materials from syngas feedstock or energy generation from it.