Decoupling design and nonlinear modeling analysis of air spring with independent adjustment of height and stiffness

When the air spring is charged, it not only increases its own height, but also increases the stiffness of the air spring. The height and stiffness are coupled with each other, which limits the adaptability of the vehicle to various driving conditions. In order to solve this problem, a decoupling air spring whose height and stiffness can be adjusted independently is designed. Based on the existing decoupling scheme of height and stiffness and axiomatic design theory, the decoupling principle of air spring is analyzed, and a new decoupling scheme of two-chamber air spring is proposed. Considering the nonlinear problems of material, geometry, and contact in the modeling of air spring, an accurate finite element model is established to verify its performance. The results show that the stiffness and height of the decoupled air spring can be controlled according to the actual working conditions, which can improve the ride comfort and operation stability of the vehicle.