Efficient and selective removal of mercury ions from aqueous solution by 2,5-dimercaptothiadiazole covalently grafted chitosan derivative

The increasingly serious problem of mercury pollution has caused wide concern, and exploring the adsorbent materials with high adsorption capacity is a simple and effective approach to address this concern. In this study, chitosan (CS), 2,5-dimercaptothiadiazole (DMTD) and formaldehyde solution are used as raw materials to prepare the modified CS material (DMTD-CS) by one-pot method. Adequate characterizations suggest that DMTD-CS is highly cross-linked, and the specific surface area and pore volume are 126.91 m2/g and 0.6702 cm3/g, respectively. By investigating the Hg(II) adsorption properties of DMTD-CS, the maximum adsorption capacity at 318 K reaches 628.09 mg/g, this value is higher than that of CS and most of the reported CS derivatives. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicate that the adsorption behaviors of DMTD-CS conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, and in the coexistence of various metal ions, DMTD-CS shows very good selectivity for Hg(II). Additionally, the removal of DMTD-CS to Hg(II) is still at 80.06 % after six adsorption-desorption cycles, demonstrating outstanding recyclability. The further FT-IR and XPS analysis suggest that the synergistic complexation of O, N and S atoms on DMTD-CS with Hg(II) is an important factor leading to the high adsorption capacity.