So far,almost all the researches on tumor pathogenesis has been focused on the tumor cell itself.Tumor cell is intrinsic factor in the tumor events.However,recent studies indicated that non-tumor cells and their products,i.e.,extrinsic factors in the tumor microenvironment,played very important role in the tumor initiation and progression.Many studies showed that extrinsic factors in the tumor microenvironment enable a tumor cell resistant to therapy and promote cancer cell progression and metastasis.Therefore,it is necessary to pay much attention to the research on the extrinsic factors in the tumor microenvironment,and we believe that it will provide new insights into tumor target therapy in the future.