Objective To observe the effect of Longbishu capsule(LBSC) on prostatic hyperplasia in rats induced by testosterone propionate.Methods Seven days after the male rats were castrated,testosterone propionate(3 mg/kg) was sc injected in rats.Meanwhile the rats were administered LBSC(0.25,0.5,1.0 mg/kg) once a day,and the treatment continued for 21d.An hour after the final administration,the rats were put to death,and the weights of prostates were measured,then count the coefficients of the prostates.The construction of prostate glands was also observed under light microscope.Results The dry and the wet coefficients of the prostates in the group with LBSC capsules were obviously lower than those in the model group.The gland numbers of the prostates with hyperplasia in the LBSC group were significantly lower than those in the testesterone propionate group;the gland numbers of the prostates without hyperplasia in the LBSC group were higher than those in the testesterone propionate group.Conclusion LBSC can significantly inhibit prostatic hyperplasia in rats.