Diabetic ketoacidosis precipitated by therapy with antidiabetic agents SGLT2 inhibitors: two cases

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral antidiabetic agents for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical trials of these agents for type 2 diabetes have shown improved glucose tolerance and reduced glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations. Examples of these agents include dapagliflozin, empagliflozin and canagliflozin. These agents are used as monotherapy, or dual therapy with metformin, and have recently been approved for use in Australia. The predominant mechanism of action in these inhibitors is that they cause glycosuria, which results in improved blood glucose control.