极化(电化学)
显微镜
散射
光学显微镜
物理
光学
材料科学
纳米技术
化学
物理化学
扫描电子显微镜
作者
Yang Liu,Qiankun Chen,Hongli Zhang,Zeyu Feng,Gang Zou,Douguo Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2321825121
摘要
Label-free optical imaging of single-nanometer-scale matter is extremely important for a variety of biomedical, physical, and chemical investigations. One central challenge is that the background intensity is much stronger than the intensity of the scattering light from single nano-objects. Here, we propose an optical module comprising cascaded momentum-space polarization filters that can perform vector field modulation to block most of the background field and result in an almost black background; in contrast, only a small proportion of the scattering field is blocked, leading to obvious imaging contrast enhancement. This module can be installed in various optical microscopies to realize a black-field microscopy. Various single nano-objects with dimensions smaller than 20 nm appear distinctly in the black-field images. The chemical reactions occurring on single nanocrystals with edge lengths of approximately 10 nm are in situ real-time monitored by using the black-field microscopy. This label-free black-field microscopy is highly promising for a wide range of future multidisciplinary science applications.
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