The Genus Aeromonas in Aquaculture: A Comprehensive Review of Prevalence, Virulence, and Antibiotic Resistance With an Emphasis on Key Pathogenic Species

ABSTRACT In the burgeoning global aquaculture sector, safeguarding water quality and mitigating the impact of aquatic pathogens are paramount to maximizing industry profitability and ensuring the safety of aquatic products. Among the myriad bacterial species impacting aquatic ecosystems, the genus Aeromonas emerges as a particularly influential player in both natural and aquaculture settings. This ubiquitous group of bacteria not only precipitates a range of diseases in aquatic organisms, compromising aquaculture productivity and product quality, but also harbors zoonotic potential, posing a threat to human health. Furthermore, the rampant use of antibiotics in aquaculture has precipitated a concerning trend of Aeromonas resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobial agents, exacerbating the challenges associated with disease prevention and control. This review endeavors to comprehensively explore the prevalence, virulence determinants, and the evolving landscape of antibiotic resistance in Aeromonas within the context of aquaculture. By synthesizing and critically appraising the extant literature on Aeromonas , we aim to provide a robust scientific basis for the management of aquatic diseases and antimicrobial resistance, offering strategic insights for the sustainable advancement of the aquaculture industry.