医学
生殖支原体
入射(几何)
沙眼衣原体
衣原体
妇科
人口
淋病奈瑟菌
阴道毛滴虫
淋病
产科
人口学
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)
免疫学
环境卫生
生物
物理
微生物学
社会学
光学
作者
Rushil Harryparsad,Bahiah Meyer,Ongeziwe Taku,Myrna G. Serrano,Pai Lien Chen,Xiaoming Gao,Anna‐Lise Williamson,Celia Mehou-Loko,Florence Lefebvre d’Hellencourt,Jennifer Smit,Jerome F. Strauss,Kavita Nanda,Khatija Ahmed,Mags Beksinska,Gregory A. Buck,Charles Morrison,Jennifer Deese,Lindi Masson
出处
期刊:PLOS ONE
[Public Library of Science]
日期:2023-11-10
卷期号:18 (11): e0294285-e0294285
标识
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0294285
摘要
South Africa is among the countries with the highest prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). In 2017, there were an estimated 6 million new CT, 4.5 million NG and 71 000 Treponema pallidum infections among South African men and women of reproductive age.We evaluated STI prevalence and incidence and associated risk factors in 162 women aged 18-33 years old, residing in eThekwini and Tshwane, South Africa who were part of the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial. Women were randomised to use depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (n = 53), copper intrauterine device (n = 51), or levonorgestrel (n = 58) implant. Lateral vaginal wall swab samples were collected prior to contraceptive initiation and at months one and three following contraceptive initiation for STI testing.There were no significant differences in STI incidence and prevalence across contraceptive groups. At baseline, 40% had active STIs (CT, NG, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) or herpes simplex virus-2 shedding across all age groups- 18-21 years (46%), 22-25 years (42%) and 26-33 years (29%). The incidence of STIs during follow-up was exceptionally high (107.9/100 women-years [wy]), with younger women (18-21 years) more likely to acquire CT (75.9/100 wy) compared to 26-33 year olds (17.4/100 wy; p = 0.049). TV incidence was higher in the 26-33 year old group (82.7/100 wy) compared to the 18-21 year olds (8.4/100 wy; p = 0.01).Although the study participants received extensive counselling on the importance of condom use, this study highlights the high prevalence and incidence of STIs in South African women, especially amongst young women, emphasising the need for better STI screening and management strategies.
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