Based on Spectrum-Effect Relationship, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking, the Material Basis and Mechanism of Antioxidant Effect of Miao Medicine Indigofera stachyoides Lindl Were Studied

Indigofera stachyoides Lindl (IS.Lindl, Xuerensen in Chinese) is a traditional medicine frequently utilized by ethnic minorities; nevertheless, the chemicals responsible for these effects have not been identified. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was utilized to establish the fingerprints of various origins. Free radical scavenging in 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) and 2,2-biazobis(3-ethyl-phenylpropylthiazole-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Partial least-squares regression analysis (PLSR) and gray correlation analysis (GRA) were utilized to determine the spectral-effect relationship in order to screen the antioxidant pharmacodynamic components. The corresponding targets were obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) and Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (ITCM). Disease-related targets for antioxidants were collected from GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases. The PPI interaction network analysis, GO enrichment analysis, and KEGG pathway analysis were established using the online analysis platform, and Autodock software assisted in aligning the components with important targets. The fingerprint profile revealed 32 common peaks, and eight standards were identified using standard comparison, with similarity ranging from 0.920 to 0.995. The primary antioxidant components include proanthocyanidin B1, epicatechin, and proanthocyanidin B3. Important targets include EGFR, CASP3, IL6, PTGS2, and TNF. Important signaling pathways include the AGE-RAGE signaling pathways in diabetic complications, the MAPK signaling pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, and the pathways in cancer. The results of molecular docking technology showed that the main active ingredients of the drug could bind well to the core target. In this study, we successfully established the spectral-effect relationship of IS.Lindl and clarified the effective substances of IS.Lindl. Through network pharmacology and molecular docking methods, it was clear that IS.Lindl plays an antioxidant role through multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway synergy.