Phosphorus-Doped Pt–Ir Nanoalloy for the Improved Voltage Reversal Durability Anode in H2/O2 Fuel Cells

In polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, voltage reversal is a significant challenge that leads to rapid degradation through catalyst deterioration, carbon corrosion, and platinum dissolution. To address this issue, we developed a novel catalyst by depositing platinum–iridium (Pt–Ir) alloys onto phosphorus-modified, pyrolyzed ZIF-67 substrates. The phosphorus doping significantly enhanced the graphitization of the ZIF-67 substrate during thermal treatment and improved the binding between the Pt–Ir alloy and the carbon substrate, thereby enhancing the electronic properties and stability of the alloy nanoparticles. The Pt–Ir–P/ZIF67 anode catalyst demonstrated exceptional performance in hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells, achieving a power density of up to 1.37 W/cm2 and enduring voltage reversal for up to 130 min, showcasing its outstanding durability.