Voice Disorders in Children With Cleft Lip/Palate and Other Craniofacial Conditions

Purpose: This clinical focus article aims to provide speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in cleft palate and craniofacial clinics with a review of the etiologies of pediatric voice disorders and the overlap with cleft lip and palate, craniofacial anomalies, and resonance disorders. It describes the recommended components of a voice evaluation and the relevance of this to the cleft palate and craniofacial clinic. Method: Literature on pediatric voice disorders and incidence in populations with cleft palate and craniofacial anomalies is reviewed. The recommended protocols for voice evaluation are described, and special considerations for the cleft palate and craniofacial team are discussed. Results: There are many different etiologies of voice disorders in children, and although the incidence of voice disorders is not necessarily higher in children with cleft palate than in the general population, there are some overlapping risk factors. Conclusions: SLPs working in cleft palate–craniofacial clinics should be aware of the etiologies and presentation of voice disorders. They can identify potential voice disorders and initiate referrals to a specialized team as appropriate to ensure optimal evaluation and treatment.