Recent developments on neuromorphic optoelectronic memristors based on metal oxide semiconductors: A review

In recent time, the emergence of optoelectronic memristors has opened up new opportunities for the scientific community to realize their neurological functionalities of optoelectronic systems. Neuromorphic optoelectronic memristors (NOMs) can directly respond to optical pulses with possessing the desirable features of high bandwidth, zero latency, and low crosstalk. They can act as artificial ocular (vision) systems with their capability to integrate sensing, memory, and computing features, and effectively overcome the von Neumann bottleneck. In this review, recent developments in metal oxide semiconductors based NOMs are investigated, with an underscoring on their working principles and realization of neuro-synaptic functions. Attention is given to the synaptic weight modulation in optical–electrical synergistic mode and all optical modes. Their applications in neuromorphic computing systems such as 2D static image and pattern recognition, color recognition, and motion or movement detection are presented. Finally, the forward-looking outlooks are suggested to overcome the pending challenges that hinder the progress of emerging research area of NOMs.