Review on strategies toward efficient piezocatalysis of BaTiO3 nanomaterials for wastewater treatment through harvesting vibration energy

An emerging, environmentally friendly and sustainable method of decomposition wastewater urgently needs to be proposed due to the environmental crisis and the limitations of traditional treatment technologies. The piezocatalysis which convents vibration energy into electrical energy in dealing with dye wastewater is considered as a promising technology for environmental wastewater treatment owing to its environmental friendliness and sustainability. Piezocatalytic BaTiO3 catalyst, with the advantages of high stability, environment friendly and easy to adjust morphology, is an ideal candidate for the effective decomposition of harmful organic wastewater. Meanwhile, there are many strategies to enhance the piezocatalytic performance of BaTiO3 catalysts, including controlling morphology, doping element, electrically-poling, building heterostructure, coating noble metal, mixing carbon, composing polymer scaffold and increasing active sites. In this review, the synthesis of piezoelectric BaTiO3 catalysts, the mechanism of BaTiO3 piezocatalysis for wastewater treatment, the piezocatalytic energy sources of the BaTiO3-based materials and the strategies of enhanced BaTiO3-based piezocatalysis performance are introduced. Finally, the conclusions and perspectives of the BaTiO3-based piezocatalysis are put forward to providing a direction for the future work.