Conducting Polyaniline-Electrical Charge Transportation

Conductive polyanilines are synthesized by doping with inorganic and organic acids, namely Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and ±10-camphor sulfonic acid (CSA). The direct current (DC) conductivities (σDC) are found to be about 9.5 ′ 10-8, 1.8, and 95.8 S/cm for PANI base, PANI(HCl) and PANI(CSA), respectively. σDC is measured down to a temperature of ~100 K and the apparent change in the activation energies are found to be 98.16, 74.40, and 57.24 meV for PANI base, HCl, and CSA dopings respectively. σDC is less temperature dependent near room temperature, further decrease in temperature the σDC is strongly dependent. Upon the inspection of AC conductivities (σAC) versus frequency curves, it can be inferred that the conduction process is noticeably influenced upon doping and within the dopants. σAC has shown classical plateau (DC-AC crossover) region, nonetheless shifted crossover frequency (critical frequency) upon doping is rather interesting. Critical frequencies (wc) are obtained from universal power-law for all samples. The variation in the dielectric properties can be attributed to the dopant incorporation. In material characterization, successful doping is corroborated by FTIR, UV-vis spectroscopy and slight influence upon doping can also be seen in thermal properties. Intense photoluminescence (PL) peaks at 322.5, 581.4 and 644.2 nm are observed. PANI(CSA) exhibited highest peak intensity followed by PANI(HCl) and PANI base.