N2pc
视觉空间注意
视觉搜索
刺激启动不同步
刺激(心理学)
注意力控制
心理学
计算机科学
集合(抽象数据类型)
认知心理学
离解(化学)
选择性注意
工作记忆
沟通
视觉注意
模式识别(心理学)
感知
认知
神经科学
化学
程序设计语言
物理化学
作者
Anna Grubert,Johannes J. Fahrenfort,Christian N. L. Olivers,Martin Eimer
出处
期刊:NeuroImage
[Elsevier]
日期:2017-02-01
卷期号:146: 843-858
被引量:17
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.08.039
摘要
Previous research has shown that when observers search for targets defined by a particular colour, attention can be directed rapidly and independently to two target objects that appear in close temporal proximity. We investigated how such rapid attention shifts are modulated by task instructions to selectively attend versus ignore one of these objects. Two search displays that both contained a colour-defined target and a distractor in a different colour were presented in rapid succession, with a stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) of 100 ms. In different blocks, participants were instructed to attend and respond to target-colour objects in the first display and to ignore these objects in the second display, or vice versa. N2pc components were measured to track the allocation of spatial attention to target-colour objects in these two displays. When participants responded to the second display, irrelevant target-colour objects in the first display still triggered N2pc components, demonstrating task-set contingent attentional capture while a feature-specific target template is active. Critically, when participants responded to the first display instead, no N2pc was elicited by target-colour items in the second display, indicating that they no longer rapidly captured attention. However, these items still elicited a longer-latency contralateral negativity (SPCN component), suggesting that attention was oriented towards template-matching objects in working memory. This dissociation between N2pc and SPCN components shows that rapid attentional capture and subsequent attentional selection processes within working memory can be independent. We suggest that early attentional orienting mechanisms can be inhibited when task-set matching objects are no longer task-relevant, and that this type of inhibitory control is a rapid but transient process.
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