医学
脂多糖
TLR4型
肿瘤坏死因子α
肝损伤
炎症
药理学
内科学
暴发性肝衰竭
腹腔注射
敌手
受体拮抗剂
细胞因子
内分泌学
免疫学
受体
肝移植
移植
作者
Toshiyuki Kitazawa,Tatsuhiro Tsujimoto,Hideto Kawaratani,Hiroshi Fukui
标识
DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.06145.x
摘要
Abstract Background and Aims: The transmembrane protein Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), which exists mainly in macrophages such as Kupffer cells of the liver, plays an important role in recognizing and mediating macrophage activation and pro‐inflammatory cytokine release. Activation of the pro‐inflammatory cytokine cascade, including tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), has a pivotal role in the progression of severe liver injury. D‐galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced liver injury in rats is an experimental model of fulminant hepatic failure, where TNF‐α plays a central role in the progression of liver injury. E5564, a synthetic analogue of the lipid A component of endotoxin, inhibits endotoxin‐stimulated inflammation and is under study for patients with sepsis. In the present study, we sought to explore the salvage effect of TLR4 antagonist E5564 on GalN+LPS‐induced acute liver failure (ALF) in rats. Methods: ALF was induced in male Wistar rats by the intraperitoneal injection of GalN (500 mg/kg) and LPS (50 µg/kg). Immediately after GalN+LPS injection, rats were treated with intravenous injection of E5564 (3 mg/kg). The cumulative survival rates of GalN+LPS‐induced ALF rats were compared between those with and without E5564 treatment. Results: The intravenous injection of E5564 reduced the elevation of serum total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and TNF‐α levels in rats at 3 h after GalN+LPS injection, and improved the survival rate of GalN+LPS‐induced ALF rats at 24 h (8% vs 43%). Conclusions: TLR4 antagonist E5564 reduced GalN+LPS‐induced acute liver injury in rats and improved the overall survival rate of GalN+LPS‐induced ALF rats. It may contribute to the treatment of ALF through blocking endotoxin‐induced TNF‐α overproduction of macrophages.
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