Molten salt assisted synthesis of Si/C nanocomposite derived from palygorskite and sodium alginate for electrochemical lithium storage

纳米复合材料 阳极 材料科学 法拉第效率 熔盐 化学工程 锂(药物) 碳纤维 电化学 石墨 纳米技术 复合数 冶金 复合材料 电极 化学 医学 工程类 物理化学 内分泌学
作者
Yan Zhang,Jibin Tian,Jiangwei Deng,Xiaozhong Zhou
出处
期刊:Journal of Chemical Physics [American Institute of Physics]
卷期号:161 (17)
标识
DOI:10.1063/5.0233280
摘要

Silicon/carbon (Si/C) nanocomposites are considered as one of the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity and suitable lithiation potential. However, the complex and time-consuming preparation processes of silicon-based nanocomposites and the unexpected silicon carbide generated during high treatment make it difficult to achieve high-performance Si/C nanocomposites for practical applications. Herein, a silicon/carbon nanocomposite is successfully prepared through a facile and eco-friendly molten salt assisted precarbonization–reduction method using palygorskite (PAL) and sodium alginate as raw materials. Based on physical characterizations, it is demonstrated that the sodium alginate plays a key role in the successful preparation of Si/C nanocomposite, which not only boosts uniform embedding of PAL nanoparticles in the carbon matrix but also releases molten sodium salt to suppress the formation of unexpected SiC. When used as an alternative anode material for lithium-ion battery applications, the as-obtained Si/C composite delivers a high reversible specific capacity of 1362.7 mA h g−1 with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 70.3% at a current density of 200 mA g−1 and excellent long-term cycling stability. The findings here provide a facile and eco-friendly molten salt assisted precarbonization–reduction method for high-performance silicon/carbon anode materials.
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