Real‐world evidence for oncological outcomes after radiotherapy or surgery for T1a‐T1b glottic squamous cell carcinoma: A population‐based cohort study

Abstract Background Compare outcomes after surgery (S) or radiotherapy (RT) for T1a‐T1b glottic squamous cell carcinoma (T1GSCC) in a population‐based cohort study. Methods Patients diagnosed with T1GSCC from 1999 to 2020 were identified from a public database. Clinical, demographic, and social data were extracted. Treatment and patient groups and subgroups were compared with log‐rank test, Cox proportional test, and propensity‐score matched (PSM). Results Eight hundred and eighty‐eight patients with T1GSCC were included in the study, with a median follow‐up of 61 months. The 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival (OS) S versus RT were 76% versus 71% and 60% versus 52% ( p = 0.02), respectively. In the subgroup analysis, S was associated with better OS for T1b, male, and public service patients ( p < 0.05). In the PSM cohort of S versus RT with 110 patients each, there was no significant difference in the OS, CSS, and LC. Conclusions T1GSCC has favorable outcomes with S or RT.