Recent advances in the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence to improve diagnosis, predict flares, and enrich clinical trials in lupus

Machine learning is a computational tool that is increasingly used for the analysis of medical data and has provided the promise of more personalized care.The frequency with which machine learning analytics are reported in lupus research is comparable with that of rheumatoid arthritis and cancer, yet the clinical application of these computational tools has yet to be translated into better care. Considerable work has been applied to the development of machine learning models for lupus diagnosis, flare prediction, and classification of disease using histology or other medical images, yet few models have been tested in external datasets and independent centers. Application of machine learning has yet to be reported for lupus clinical trial enrichment and automated identification of eligible patients. Integration of machine learning into lupus clinical care and clinical trials would benefit from collaborative development between clinicians and data scientists.Although the application of machine learning to lupus data is at a nascent stage, initial results suggest a promising future.