Measuring Typhoon Disaster Service Benefits of Meteorological Satellites: Taking FY-3A as an Example

Abstract Measuring the comprehensive benefits of meteorological satellite observation systems in typhoon monitoring, early warning and disaster prevention and mitigation have become a key basis for formulating the development plan and strategic layout of the new generation of meteorological satellites. This paper takes FY-3A as an example and combines the propensity score matching (PSM)-difference-in-differences (DID) model with the input–output model to measure the comprehensive benefits generated by meteorological satellite services in reducing the losses caused by typhoon disasters. Research findings are as follows: 1) Significant direct benefits: Meteorological satellite services have reduced the direct economic losses of a single typhoon event in the coastal areas of the mainland by 1.78%, equivalent to an economic benefit of 535.4 million yuan. 2) The indirect benefits vary greatly among different industries: construction industry; transportation and warehousing industry; agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery industry; metal smelting and rolling processing industry, etc. have the highest indirect benefits generated by meteorological satellite services, the indirect benefit value generated by meteorological services during typhoons amounts to as much as 1.6154 billion yuan. 3) Screen out the top 10 highly sensitive industries affected by meteorological satellite services, namely, construction industry; transportation and warehousing industry; agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery industry; metal smelting and rolling processing industry, chemical industry; manufacture industry of nonmetallic mineral products; petroleum processing, coking, and nuclear fuel processing industry; the production and supply industry of electricity and heat; oil and gas extraction industry; and coal mining and washing industry. Finally, policy suggestions are put forward. The research method of this paper can provide reference for the comprehensive benefit measurement of other meteorological satellites, and the research results can provide reference for the government and meteorological departments. Significance Statement Based on the existing literature, this study makes the following contributions to the service benefits of measuring meteorological satellites for typhoon disasters: 1) The weather service benefits brought by meteorological satellites to typhoon disasters were divided into direct benefits and indirect benefits. 2) At the method level, the propensity score matching (PSM)-difference-in-differences (DID) model combined with the input–output model is used. 3) The top 10 highly sensitive industries were obtained by comparing the proportion and value of indirect benefits of meteorological satellite services. 4) The direct and indirect weather service benefits of FY-3A were 535.4 million yuan and 1.6154 billion yuan, respectively.