PBP2b Mutations Improve the Growth of Phage-Resistant Lactococcus cremoris Lacking Polysaccharide Pellicle

mutants resistant to bacteriophage infection with a restored fitness. This study provides an approach to isolate non-GMO phage-resistant L. cremoris and L. lactis strains, which can be applied to strains with technological functionalities. Also, our results highlight for the first time the link between peptidoglycan and cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis.