材料科学
收缩率
碳化
反射率
碳纤维
碳纳米管
超细纤维
木质素
复合材料
纳米技术
光学
光电子学
复合数
物理
有机化学
化学
扫描电子显微镜
作者
Bin Zhao,Xuetong Shi,Sergei Khakalo,Meng Yang,Arttu Miettinen,Tuomas Turpeinen,Shuyi Mi,Zhipei Sun,Alexey Khakalo,Orlando J. Rojas,Bruno D. Mattos
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-023-43594-4
摘要
Light is a powerful and sustainable resource, but it can be detrimental to the performance and longevity of optical devices. Materials with near-zero light reflectance, i.e. superblack materials, are sought to improve the performance of several light-centered technologies. Here we report a simple top-down strategy, guided by computational methods, to develop robust superblack materials following metal-free wood delignification and carbonization (1500 °C). Subwavelength severed cells evolve under shrinkage stresses, yielding vertically aligned carbon microfiber arrays with a thickness of ~100 µm and light reflectance as low as 0.36% and independent of the incidence angle. The formation of such structures is rationalized based on delignification method, lignin content, carbonization temperature and wood density. Moreover, our measurements indicate a laser beam reflectivity lower than commercial light stoppers in current use. Overall, the wood-based superblack material is introduced as a mechanically robust surrogate for microfabricated carbon nanotube arrays.
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