电化学发光
钌
铱
钝化
联吡啶
材料科学
生物传感器
有孔小珠
电极
聚苯乙烯
化学
纳米技术
组合化学
分析化学(期刊)
催化作用
物理化学
图层(电子)
色谱法
聚合物
结晶学
有机化学
晶体结构
复合材料
作者
Emily Kerr,Sara Knežević,Paul S. Francis,Conor F. Hogan,Giovanni Valenti,Francesco Paolucci,Frédéric Kanoufi,Nešo Šojić
出处
期刊:ACS Sensors
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2023-01-26
卷期号:8 (2): 933-939
被引量:31
标识
DOI:10.1021/acssensors.2c02697
摘要
Heterogeneous electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays employing tri-n-propylamine as a co-reactant and a tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ([Ru(bpy)3]2+) derivative as an emissive label are integral to the majority of academic and commercial applications of ECL sensing. This model system is an active research area and constitutes the basis of successfully commercialized bead-based ECL immunoassays. Herein, we propose a novel approach to the enhancement of such conventional ECL assays via the incorporation of a second metal coordination complex, [Ir(sppy)3]3– (where sppy = 5′-sulfo-2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N), to the experimental system. By employing ECL microscopy, we are able to map the spatial distribution of ECL emission at the surface of the bead, from [Ru(bpy)3]2+ labels, and solution-phase emission, from [Ir(sppy)3]3–. The developed [Ir(sppy)3]3–-mediated enhancement approach elicited a significant improvement (70.9-fold at 0.9 V and 2.9-fold at 1.2 V vs Ag/AgCl) of the ECL signal from [Ru(bpy)3]2+ labels immobilized on the surface of a polystyrene bead. This dramatic enhancement in ECL signal, particularly at low oxidation potentials, has important implications for the improvement of existing heterogeneous ECL assays and ECL-based microscopy, by amplifying the signal, opening new bioanalytical detection schemes, and reducing both electrode surface passivation and deleterious side reactions.
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