Differential responses of fungal and bacterial necromass accumulation in soil to nitrogen deposition in relation to deposition rate

Influenced by nitrogen (N) deposition, changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems could provide strong feedback to climate change. Mounting evidence showed that microbial necromass contributes substantially to SOC sequestration; however, how N deposition influences microbial necromass accumulation in soils remains elusive. We investigated the impacts of N deposition on soil microbial necromass, assessed by amino sugars, at seven forest sites along a north-south transect in eastern China. We found that the responses of fungal and bacterial necromass accumulation to N deposition depended on the deposition rate, with high N deposition (>50 kg N ha-1 yr-1) stimulating fungal necromass accumulation from 29.1 % to 35.2 %, while low N deposition damaging the accumulation of bacterial necromass in soil by 12.1 %. On the whole, N deposition benefitted the dominance of fungal over bacterial necromass, with their ratio being significantly greater at high-N level. The accumulation of microbial necromass was primarily governed by soil properties, including nutrients stoichiometry, clay content and pH, while the composition of microbial necromass was conjointly affected by soil properties and microbial community structure. The latitudinal distribution of microbial necromass contributions to SOC pool was not altered by N deposition, and was firmly controlled by the climatic and edaphic factors. Collectively, our results reveal the impacts of N deposition on microbial necromass accumulation in soil and the geographical pattern across forest ecosystems in eastern China, providing implications for our accurate predictions of global change impacts on SOC sequestration.