Novel Potential of Rose Essential Oil as a Powerful Plant Defense Potentiator

Terpenoids, natural compounds released by plants, function to enhance plant defense. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of terpenoid-enriched essential oils (EOs) on tomato plants. From the application of a highly diluted solution of 11 different EOs to potted tomato soil, our study showed that rose essential oil (REO), rich in β-citronellol, played a crucial role in activating defense genes in tomato leaves. As a result, leaf damage caused by herbivores, such as Spodoptera litura and Tetranychus urticae, was significantly reduced. In addition, our results were validated in field trials, providing evidence that REO is an effective biostimulant for enhancing plant defense against pests. Notably, the REO solution also had the added benefit of attracting herbivore predators, such as Phytoseiulus persimilis. Our findings suggest a practical approach to promote organic tomato production that encourages environmentally friendly and sustainable practices.