水通道蛋白4
星形胶质细胞
水通道蛋白
生物
神经油
中枢神经系统
细胞生物学
细胞外
室管膜细胞
神经科学
神经系统
生物物理学
淋巴系统
生物化学
脑脊液
作者
Erlend A. Nagelhus,Thomas Misje Mathiisen,Ole Petter Ottersen
出处
期刊:Neuroscience
[Elsevier]
日期:2004-01-01
卷期号:129 (4): 905-913
被引量:453
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.08.053
摘要
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the predominant water channel in the neuropil of the central nervous system. It is expressed primarily in astrocytes, but also occurs in ependymocytes and endothelial cells. A striking feature of AQP4 expression is its polarized distribution in brain astrocytes and retinal Muller cells. Thus, immunogold analyses have revealed an enrichment of AQP4 in endfeet membranes in contact with brain microvessels or subarachnoidal space and a low but significant concentration in non-endfeet membranes, including those astrocyte membranes that ensheath glutamate synapses. The subcellular compartmentation of AQP4 mimics that of the potassium channel Kir4.1, which is implicated in spatial buffering of K(+). We propose that AQP4 works in concert with Kir4.1 and the electrogenic bicarbonate transporter NBC and that water flux through AQP4 contributes to the activity dependent volume changes of the extracellular space. Such volume changes are important as they affect the extracellular solute concentrations and electrical fields, and hence neuronal excitability. We conclude that AQP4-mediated water flux represents an integral element of brain volume and ion homeostasis.
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