High performance fibers from aramid polymers

With an unparalleled combination of high strength and modulus, toughness, and heat resistance among materials, aramid fibers are the model for engineering materials. Their outstanding physical properties are caused by a combination of molecular-level structure, interchain bonding, high degree of crystallinity, and processing techniques. This chapter deals with developments in the production of well-established and commercially available high-performance fibers from aramid polymers such as Kevlar, Nomex, Technora, and Twaron. Their structure–property relationship as well as applications and outlook are discussed. In addition, some of the recent developments and understandings with regard to the structure of these fibers and modifications to achieve superior performance are included.