生物传感器
材料科学
石墨烯
场效应晶体管
电介质
纳米技术
光电子学
晶体管
反射计
生物分子
作者
Xiaoyan Zhang,Tingxian Liu,Aimee L. Boyle,Azadeh Bahreman,Bo Lei,Qiushi Jing,Honglei Xue,Roxanne Kieltyka,Alexander Kros,Grégory F. Schneider,Wangyang Fu
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202106666
摘要
Owing to their excellent electrical properties and chemical stability, graphene field-effect transistors (Gr-FET) are extensively studied for biosensing applications. However, hinging on surface interactions of charged biomolecules, the sensitivity of Gr-FET is hampered by ionic screening under physiological conditions with high salt concentrations up to frequencies as high as MHz. Here, an electrolyte-gated Gr-FET in reflectometry mode at ultrahigh frequencies (UHF, around 2 GHz), where the ionic screening is fully cancelled and the dielectric sensitivity of the device allows the Gr-FET to directly function in high-salt solutions, is configured. Strikingly, by simultaneous characterization using electrolyte gating and UHF reflectometry, the developed graphene biosensors offer unprecedented capability for real-time monitoring of dielectric-specified biomolecular/cell interactions/activities, with superior limit of detection compared to that of previously reported nanoscale high-frequency sensors. These achievements highlight the unique potential of ultrahigh-frequency operation for unblocking the true potential of graphene biosensors for point-of-care diagnostic.
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