Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass‐Derived Substrates to Value‐Added Chemicals on Dual‐Function Catalysts: Opportunities and Challenges

乙酰丙酸 糠醛 催化作用 加氢脱氧 商品化学品 化学 转移加氢 木质纤维素生物量 愈创木酚 原子经济 除氧 木糖醇 有机化学 化学工程 选择性 木质素 工程类 发酵
作者
Xin Jin,Bin Yin,Qi Xia,Tianqi Fang,Jian Shen,Liquan Kuang,Chaohe Yang
出处
期刊:Chemsuschem [Wiley]
卷期号:12 (1): 71-92 被引量:123
标识
DOI:10.1002/cssc.201801620
摘要

Abstract Aqueous‐phase hydrodeoxygenation (APH) of bioderived feedstocks into useful chemical building blocks is one the most important processes for biomass conversion. However, several technological challenges, such as elevated reaction temperature (220–280 °C), high H 2 pressure (4–10 MPa), uncontrollable side reactions, and intensive capital investment, have resulted in a bottleneck for the further development of existing APH processes. Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) under much milder conditions with non‐fossil‐based H 2 has attracted extensive interest as a result of several advantageous features, including high atom efficiency (≈100 %), low energy intensity, and green H 2 obtained from renewable sources. Typically, CTH can be categorized as internal H 2 transfer (sacrificing small amounts of feedstocks for H 2 generation) and external H 2 transfer from H 2 donors (e.g., alcohols, formic acid). Although the last decade has witnessed a few successful applications of conventional APH technologies, CTH is still relatively new for biomass conversion. Very limited attempts have been made in both academia and industry. Understanding the fundamentals for precise control of catalyst structures is key for tunable dual functionality to combine simultaneous H 2 generation and hydrogenation. Therefore, this Review focuses on the rational design of dual‐functionalized catalysts for synchronous H 2 generation and hydrogenation of bio‐feedstocks into value‐added chemicals through CTH technologies. Most recent studies, published from 2015 to 2018, on the transformation of selected model compounds, including glycerol, xylitol, sorbitol, levulinic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, cresol, phenol, and guaiacol, are critically reviewed herein. The relationship between the nanostructures of heterogeneous catalysts and the catalytic activity and selectivity for C−O, C−H, C−C, and O−H bond cleavage are discussed to provide insights into future designs for the atom‐economical conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals.
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