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How does strategic alignment affect firm performance? The Roles of Information Technology Investment and Environmental Uncertainty1

战略联盟 业务 信息技术 产业组织 知识管理 营销 情感(语言学) 投资(军事) 战略规划 计算机科学 心理学 战略财务管理 政治学 操作系统 政治 法学 沟通
作者
Rajiv Sabherwal,Sanjiv Sabherwal,Taha Havaknor,Zach Steelman
出处
期刊:Management Information Systems Quarterly [MIS Quarterly]
卷期号:43 (2): 453-474 被引量:212
标识
DOI:10.25300/misq/2019/13626
摘要

The alignment between a firm’s business and information technology (IT) strategies continues to be important for research and practice. Prior research investigating the performance consequences of strategic IT alignment (SITA) has produced inconsistent results. This paper distinguishes between two roles of SITA: (1) as a state of congruence between business and IT, which is the primary focus of empirical studies, and (2) as reflecting a capability that may enable or inhibit the leveraging of IT investments, as has been discussed theoretically but not examined empirically. Based on the resource-based view (RBV), IT investment (ITI) is explicitly included as the resource that SITA as a capability can inherently help leverage. Also based on RBV, we argue that environmental uncertainty, which is examined in terms of dynamism, complexity, and munificence, moderates the effect of SITA on the relationship between ITI and firm performance. The research model is tested through panel-data analyses of data from 1999–2008, including 758 firm-year observations from 242 firms. This study is the first to find that SITA as a state directly improves firm performance even when considering ITI and its interaction with SITA. Moreover, the effect of the interaction between SITA and ITI on firm performance increases with an increase in environmental dynamism or complexity and with a decrease in environmental munificence. We also find that the effect of the interaction between SITA and ITI can be negative under some environments. Specifically, the results suggest that (1) in dynamic, complex, and hostile environments, SITA does reflect a capability that enhances the positive effect of ITI on firm performance, but (2) in stable, simple, and munificent environments, SITA reflects a rigidity that reduces the positive effect of ITI on firm performance. The results are robust under a variety of statistical specifications and estimations.
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