Retrospective analysis of related risk factors for ovarian pregnancy in 79 cases

Objective To find the risk factors, difference between preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative findings and the ratio of ovarian pregnancy (OP) after assisted reproductive technology (ART). Methods In the retrospective cross-sectional study, 79 patients with OP in the period of January, 2003 to January, 2018 at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were included. They were divided into three time segments (2003.01.01-2008.01.01, 2008.01.02-2013.01.01 and 2013.01.02-2018.01.01) and the time trend was observed. At the same time, the data of tubal pregnancy (TP) in the same period were collected, and the risk factors were compared with those of OP. Results During the entire study period (2003.01.01-2018.01.01), 6943 patients with ectopic pregnancy were diagnosed in the hospital. Of these, 79 cases were OP (1.14%). OP appeared to have no increasing trend year by year, as well as in ectopic pregnancy when compared with different time periods (2003.01.01-2008.01.01, 2008.01.02-2013.01.01 and 2013.01.02-2018.01.01) (1.21% vs. 1.09% vs. 1.14%). OP after ART had an increasing trend (8.33% vs. 9.52% vs. 15.22%) with a significant difference. Compared with TP group, the history of abdominal surgery was a high risk factor for OP (OR=0.41, 95% CI= 0.18-0.95, P=0.04). The serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level in OP patients was higher than that in TP patients. Two cases (2.53%) had been diagnosed OP before treatment. Seventy cases (88.61%) underwent vagina ultrasonic, of these, 56 cases (80.00%) suggested pelvic hematocele. Fifty-one cases (64.56%) of OP occurred in right ovary, 28 cases (35.44%) occurred in left ovary. Conclusion The ratio of OP after ART has an increasing trend in recent years, and ART may be a risk factor of OP. The relationship between ART and OP still needs to be further explored. History of abdominal surgery may be a high risk factor for OP, and OP patients tend to have high β-hCG levels. OP maybe often occur in the right side of ovarian and may be related to the anatomical structure of the left ovary. The preoperative diagnosis rate was low, imaging examination is of significance. Key words: Risk factors; Ovarian pregnancy; Ectopic pregnancy; Reproductive technology, assisted