电解质
电化学
离子电导率
电导率
水溶液
离子
无机化学
离子键合
材料科学
化学
锌
化学工程
电极
物理化学
有机化学
工程类
作者
Yinglun Sun,Bao Liu,Lingyang Liu,Junwei Lang,Jianfeng Qiu
标识
DOI:10.1002/sstr.202200345
摘要
Aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices have attracted tremendous attention because of its high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, their low‐temperature operation is plagued by the freeze of electrolytes. Herein, a 3 mol kg −1 Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 electrolyte without adding any organic solvents or antifreezing additives is proposed, which yields a high ionic conductivity of 9.4 mS cm −1 even at ultralow temperatures of −60 °C. The strong electrostatic interaction between Zn 2+ ion and water molecules and the structure breaking effect of ClO 4 − ions to destroy the hydrogen bond network between water molecules in Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 electrolyte is revealed by spectroscopic characterization and theoretical simulation. This low‐temperature electrolyte renders the zinc‐ion hybrid capacitor to exhibit a high energy density of 40.91 Wh kg −1 at −60 °C and a long‐cycle life (over 200 days) at −30 °C. This study provides a new path to develop low‐concentration antifreezing electrolytes for aqueous electrochemical energy storage devices.
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